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December 2025 22 materials

How to calculate reliability

Every study gets a score from 1 to 10 for the reliability of its conclusions. The score depends on:

  • Publication type. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses of RCTs score highest. Individual RCTs and cohort studies come lower. Preprints (bioRxiv, medRxiv) score even lower due to a lack of peer review.
  • Sample size. A study with 10,000+ participants is more reliable than a pilot study with 14.
  • Journal and peer review. Publication in an impact-factor journal is not the same as a preprint.
  • Methodology. Control groups, randomisation, blinding, duration of follow-up.
  • Conflict of interest and funding. Declared and transparent — a plus.

The score is generated by AI from publication metadata. It is a Guide, not a verdict — even a 6/10 can contain an important result, and 9/10 doesn't exempt you from reading critically. Every source is signed: click "Read research →" to verify for yourself.

PubMed
Journal of bodywork and movement therapies
30 Dec
Reliability: 8/10 Reliability is the assessment of how confident we are in the study's conclusion. It accounts for publication type (RCT > cohort > case series > preprint), sample size, journal, and methodology. 9–10: strong evidence. 7–8: confident with caveats. 5–6: preliminary, needs confirmation. The score is generated by AI from publication metadata.

A powerlifting-based exercise programme for community-dwelling older adults: A case series.

de Lucena, EGP, Cannavan, LGP, Mendes, GS, et al.

English summary coming soon.

Strength training Elderly people Functionality muscle strength
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DOI: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2025.12.034
PubMed
Pediatric exercise science
29 December
Reliability: 8/10 Reliability is the assessment of how confident we are in the study's conclusion. It accounts for publication type (RCT > cohort > case series > preprint), sample size, journal, and methodology. 9–10: strong evidence. 7–8: confident with caveats. 5–6: preliminary, needs confirmation. The score is generated by AI from publication metadata.

Is Weekly Training Load Associated With Match-Related Contextual Variables in Spanish Elite Young Football Players?

de Dios-Álvarez, V, Padrón-Cabo, A, Castellano, J, et al.

English summary coming soon.

training load Young sport GPS monitoring periodisation Football
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DOI: 10.1123/pes.2024-0098
PubMed
Physiotherapy theory and practice
29 December
Reliability: 7/10 Reliability is the assessment of how confident we are in the study's conclusion. It accounts for publication type (RCT > cohort > case series > preprint), sample size, journal, and methodology. 9–10: strong evidence. 7–8: confident with caveats. 5–6: preliminary, needs confirmation. The score is generated by AI from publication metadata.

Passive hip adduction flexibility impairment measured with the modified Ober test predicts chronicity of iliotibial band syndrome: a cross-sectional pilot study.

Varadarajan, B, Mohd Noor, S, Manickaraj, N

English summary coming soon.

run Injuries Flexibility Physiotherapy Prevention
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DOI: 10.1080/09593985.2025.2610430
PubMed
Journal of bodywork and movement therapies
24 Dec
Reliability: 9/10 Reliability is the assessment of how confident we are in the study's conclusion. It accounts for publication type (RCT > cohort > case series > preprint), sample size, journal, and methodology. 9–10: strong evidence. 7–8: confident with caveats. 5–6: preliminary, needs confirmation. The score is generated by AI from publication metadata.

Influence of a tailored preventive programme on injury incidence and time loss in elite gymnastics athletes: a retrospective cohort study over five seasons.

Weschenfelder, MC, Bittencourt, NFN, Cesar Pereira, CE, et al.

English summary coming soon.

Gymnastics Injury prevention Sports medicine Elite athletes
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DOI: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2025.12.029
PubMed
The International Journal of Sports Medicine
23 December
Reliability: 8/10 Reliability is the assessment of how confident we are in the study's conclusion. It accounts for publication type (RCT > cohort > case series > preprint), sample size, journal, and methodology. 9–10: strong evidence. 7–8: confident with caveats. 5–6: preliminary, needs confirmation. The score is generated by AI from publication metadata.

Estimation of Critical Power and Associated Physiological Markers from a Single Cardiopulmonary Exercise Test in Trained Master Cyclists.

Galán-Rioja, MÁ, González-Mohíno, F, Turner, AP, et al.

English summary coming soon.

Cycling Critical power Physiology testing Endurance
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DOI: 10.1055/a-2760-9847
PubMed
Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine
23 December
Reliability: 7/10 Reliability is the assessment of how confident we are in the study's conclusion. It accounts for publication type (RCT > cohort > case series > preprint), sample size, journal, and methodology. 9–10: strong evidence. 7–8: confident with caveats. 5–6: preliminary, needs confirmation. The score is generated by AI from publication metadata.

Associations Between 24-Hour Movement Guidelines and Quality of Life in School Teachers.

Furuta, DT, Tebar, WR, Silva, CCM, et al.

English summary coming soon.

Physical activity dream Quality of life Recommendations
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DOI: 10.1097/JOM.0000000000003649
PubMed
Journal of Sleep Research
22 Dec
Reliability: 9/10 Reliability is the assessment of how confident we are in the study's conclusion. It accounts for publication type (RCT > cohort > case series > preprint), sample size, journal, and methodology. 9–10: strong evidence. 7–8: confident with caveats. 5–6: preliminary, needs confirmation. The score is generated by AI from publication metadata.

Acute Effects of Sleep Extension on Fatigue, Inhibitory Control, Short-Term Vigilance and Neuromuscular Function in Youth Elite Ice Hockey Players: A Randomised Crossover Trial.

Varesco, G, Lavoie, FA, Adoutoro, J, et al.

English summary coming soon.

dream Sleep extension cognitive function Sporting performance Young sport Randomised controlled trial
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DOI: 10.1111/jsr.70269
PubMed
Minerva Endocrinology
19 December
Reliability: 8/10 Reliability is the assessment of how confident we are in the study's conclusion. It accounts for publication type (RCT > cohort > case series > preprint), sample size, journal, and methodology. 9–10: strong evidence. 7–8: confident with caveats. 5–6: preliminary, needs confirmation. The score is generated by AI from publication metadata.

An overview of insulin resistance: from molecular mechanisms to medical interventions.

Dey, S, Roy, PS, Mendonca, A, et al.

English summary coming soon.

Insulin resistance Type 2 diabetes Physical activity diet Metabolism
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DOI: 10.23736/S2724-6507.25.04390-8
PubMed
Journal of bodywork and movement therapies
19 December
Reliability: 7/10 Reliability is the assessment of how confident we are in the study's conclusion. It accounts for publication type (RCT > cohort > case series > preprint), sample size, journal, and methodology. 9–10: strong evidence. 7–8: confident with caveats. 5–6: preliminary, needs confirmation. The score is generated by AI from publication metadata.

Changes in BMI, lipid profile, disease perception, and quality of life among myocardial infarction patients participating in a 12-week green walking: A quasi-experimental study.

Cinema, A, India, S

English summary coming soon.

Cardiac rehabilitation Aerobic activity Prevention Quality of life
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DOI: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2025.12.025
PubMed
Journal of bodywork and movement therapies
December 18th
Reliability: 7/10 Reliability is the assessment of how confident we are in the study's conclusion. It accounts for publication type (RCT > cohort > case series > preprint), sample size, journal, and methodology. 9–10: strong evidence. 7–8: confident with caveats. 5–6: preliminary, needs confirmation. The score is generated by AI from publication metadata.

Effects of strength training on morphological changes of lipodystrophy in people living with HIV: A quasi-experimental non-randomised controlled trial.

Dos Santos, WR, Dos Santos, WR, Paes, PP, et al.

English summary coming soon.

Strength training Body composition HIV Adaptogenic effects
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DOI: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2025.12.026
PubMed
Journal of Sleep Research
16 December
Reliability: 7/10 Reliability is the assessment of how confident we are in the study's conclusion. It accounts for publication type (RCT > cohort > case series > preprint), sample size, journal, and methodology. 9–10: strong evidence. 7–8: confident with caveats. 5–6: preliminary, needs confirmation. The score is generated by AI from publication metadata.

The Influence of Chronotype on Cycling Performance in Simulated 20-km Time Trials: A Pilot Study.

Forster, S, Schwindling, S, Abbiss, C, et al.

English summary coming soon.

Cycling chronotype optimal training time Circadian rhythms Productivity
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DOI: 10.1111/jsr.70268
PubMed
Sports Medicine and Arthroscopy Review
15 December
Reliability: 7/10 Reliability is the assessment of how confident we are in the study's conclusion. It accounts for publication type (RCT > cohort > case series > preprint), sample size, journal, and methodology. 9–10: strong evidence. 7–8: confident with caveats. 5–6: preliminary, needs confirmation. The score is generated by AI from publication metadata.

Lumbar Disk Herniation in Athletes.

Vatsia, S, Levidy, MF, Bible, JE

English summary coming soon.

Sports medicine Back injuries Return to sport Rehabilitation
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DOI: 10.1097/JSA.0000000000000446
PubMed
Neuropsychological rehabilitation
15 December
Reliability: 7/10 Reliability is the assessment of how confident we are in the study's conclusion. It accounts for publication type (RCT > cohort > case series > preprint), sample size, journal, and methodology. 9–10: strong evidence. 7–8: confident with caveats. 5–6: preliminary, needs confirmation. The score is generated by AI from publication metadata.

Healthy lifestyle intervention impacts on cognition and habits for individuals with traumatic brain injury: Secondary analysis of a randomised controlled trial.

Douglas, M.E., Driver, S., McShan, E., et al.

English summary coming soon.

Traumatic brain injury Rehabilitation Diet and physical activity cognitive function Randomised controlled trial
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DOI: 10.1080/09602011.2025.2597767
PubMed
Journal of bodywork and movement therapies
13 December
Reliability: 8/10 Reliability is the assessment of how confident we are in the study's conclusion. It accounts for publication type (RCT > cohort > case series > preprint), sample size, journal, and methodology. 9–10: strong evidence. 7–8: confident with caveats. 5–6: preliminary, needs confirmation. The score is generated by AI from publication metadata.

Periodisation of physical exercise in the rehabilitation of a professional footballer following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: A case report.

Rodríguez, S, León-Prieto, C

English summary coming soon.

Sports rehabilitation PCZ Return to sport periodisation
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DOI: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2025.12.006
PubMed
Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery
13 December
Reliability: 7/10 Reliability is the assessment of how confident we are in the study's conclusion. It accounts for publication type (RCT > cohort > case series > preprint), sample size, journal, and methodology. 9–10: strong evidence. 7–8: confident with caveats. 5–6: preliminary, needs confirmation. The score is generated by AI from publication metadata.

Biomechanical risk factors for medial elbow valgus stress in baseball pitchers: the role of Forearm Whip Angle.

Matsui, T, Seo, K, Miyazaki, T, et al.

English summary coming soon.

Baseball Elbow injuries biomechanics Prevention Youth
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DOI: 10.1016/j.jse.2025.11.008
PubMed
Research quarterly for exercise and sport
13 December
Reliability: 7/10 Reliability is the assessment of how confident we are in the study's conclusion. It accounts for publication type (RCT > cohort > case series > preprint), sample size, journal, and methodology. 9–10: strong evidence. 7–8: confident with caveats. 5–6: preliminary, needs confirmation. The score is generated by AI from publication metadata.

Associations of Physical Activity With Physical Literacy and Mental Wellbeing in Active Adults: A Mixed-Methods Study.

McGeough, K, Yang, Y, Pang, JS, et al.

English summary coming soon.

Physical activity Mental health Wellbeing Physical literacy Sport
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DOI: 10.1080/02701367.2025.2579056
PubMed
Osteoarthritis and cartilage
11 December
Reliability: 8/10 Reliability is the assessment of how confident we are in the study's conclusion. It accounts for publication type (RCT > cohort > case series > preprint), sample size, journal, and methodology. 9–10: strong evidence. 7–8: confident with caveats. 5–6: preliminary, needs confirmation. The score is generated by AI from publication metadata.

The smallest worthwhile effects of strengthening exercise on pain intensity for people with knee osteoarthritis: A benefit-harm trade-off study.

Haber, T, Bennell, K, Hansford, HJ, et al.

English summary coming soon.

Strength training Osteoarthritis Prevention of chronic diseases Rehabilitation
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DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2025.12.004
PubMed
Research quarterly for exercise and sport
11 December
Reliability: 7/10 Reliability is the assessment of how confident we are in the study's conclusion. It accounts for publication type (RCT > cohort > case series > preprint), sample size, journal, and methodology. 9–10: strong evidence. 7–8: confident with caveats. 5–6: preliminary, needs confirmation. The score is generated by AI from publication metadata.

Exercise-Based Interventions for ADHD: A Review of Modalities, Mechanisms, and Practical Applications.

Han, JS, Jang, YJ

English summary coming soon.

Cognitive functions HIIT Neurology children BDNF executive functions
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DOI: 10.1080/02701367.2025.2581676
PubMed
Work (Reading, Massachusetts)
8 Dec
Reliability: 7/10 Reliability is the assessment of how confident we are in the study's conclusion. It accounts for publication type (RCT > cohort > case series > preprint), sample size, journal, and methodology. 9–10: strong evidence. 7–8: confident with caveats. 5–6: preliminary, needs confirmation. The score is generated by AI from publication metadata.

Effect of scheduled stretching exercises in reducing musculoskeletal disorder symptoms among software professionals.

Parthasarathi, V, Ranganathan, B

English summary coming soon.

Stretching Injury prevention Employee wellbeing MSD
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DOI: 10.1177/10519815251399665
PubMed
Clinics in Sports Medicine
8 Dec
Reliability: 7/10 Reliability is the assessment of how confident we are in the study's conclusion. It accounts for publication type (RCT > cohort > case series > preprint), sample size, journal, and methodology. 9–10: strong evidence. 7–8: confident with caveats. 5–6: preliminary, needs confirmation. The score is generated by AI from publication metadata.

Psychological Readiness and Return to Sport.

Meyer, LE, Saraf, S, Mulcahey, MK

English summary coming soon.

Sport psychology Return to sport Injuries Fear of reinjury Rehabilitation
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DOI: 10.1016/j.csm.2025.10.003
PubMed
Journal of bodywork and movement therapies
5 December
Reliability: 9/10 Reliability is the assessment of how confident we are in the study's conclusion. It accounts for publication type (RCT > cohort > case series > preprint), sample size, journal, and methodology. 9–10: strong evidence. 7–8: confident with caveats. 5–6: preliminary, needs confirmation. The score is generated by AI from publication metadata.

Comprehensive injury prevention training significantly enhances upper limb dynamic stability and front crawl performance in adolescent swimmers: A randomised controlled trial.

Moghadasi, A, Baziyar, Y

English summary coming soon.

Injury prevention Swimming Shoulder stability Bread Randomised controlled trial
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DOI: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2025.12.002
PubMed
Physiotherapy theory and practice
1 Dec
Reliability: 7/10 Reliability is the assessment of how confident we are in the study's conclusion. It accounts for publication type (RCT > cohort > case series > preprint), sample size, journal, and methodology. 9–10: strong evidence. 7–8: confident with caveats. 5–6: preliminary, needs confirmation. The score is generated by AI from publication metadata.

Comparison of scapular muscle activity during Y-raise exercise with isometric adduction in subjects with and without rounded shoulder posture.

Hwang, BH, Jeon, IC

English summary coming soon.

biomechanics Shoulder joint Posture EMG Rehabilitation
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DOI: 10.1080/09593985.2025.2594569