Post-traumatic stress disorder

Sleep spindles - brief bursts of EEG activity during deep sleep - do more than “consolidate memory”. Recent research by Bar et al. (bioRxiv, April 2026) has shown they actively recalibrate the emotional valence of what you remember. Without them, the world systematically seems worse than it is. This is not “the morning brings good counsel” as a metaphor. It is specific neurophysiology. What did three experiments do that...